據(ju)了解(jie),今年(nian)國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網公(gong)司將著力鞏固擴大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)窯爐、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鍋(guo)爐、熱(re)(re)泵(beng)等(deng)成(cheng)熟項目的(de)實(shi)施范圍,因(yin)地制宜拓展新領域、推(tui)廣新技(ji)術,除在港口地區推(tui)廣岸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)替代(通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜將船舶(bo)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)岸上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源連接,在船舶(bo)靠岸期間(jian)采用(yong)(yong)陸地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian))外,還將對居民區、學校等(deng)用(yong)(yong)戶推(tui)廣碳晶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)膜、發熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜等(deng)技(ji)術,在企(qi)事業(ye)單位食堂推(tui)廣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁灶、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)蒸鍋(guo),在油田推(tui)廣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動鉆(zhan)機(ji),在油氣輸(shu)送管線推(tui)廣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力加壓等(deng)。
從消費端來(lai)看,各地主要(yao)通過以電(dian)代煤、以電(dian)代油來(lai)促進節能減(jian)排。北京市(shi)(shi)城六區基(ji)本取消燃(ran)煤鍋爐,農村地區新(xin)增減(jian)煤換煤120萬噸。河北省提出大(da)幅壓減(jian)煤炭(tan)用量,實(shi)施(shi)煤電(dian)節能減(jian)排升級(ji)改造行動計(ji)劃。在(zai)歐美(mei)發(fa)達國(guo)(guo)(guo)家,電(dian)采暖(nuan)(nuan)普及率非常(chang)高,美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)80%的城市(shi)(shi)實(shi)行電(dian)采暖(nuan)(nuan),加(jia)拿大(da)、德(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)、法國(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)電(dian)采暖(nuan)(nuan)比例均(jun)在(zai)50%以上。
有專家分析(xi)認為(wei),國(guo)內大力開(kai)展電(dian)能替代,能有效緩解電(dian)纜(lan)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)產能過(guo)剩帶(dai)來的(de)巨大壓力。國(guo)內電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)產能過(guo)剩以及設備(bei)(bei)過(guo)剩是不(bu)爭的(de)事(shi)實,產能過(guo)剩意味著(zhu)供大于(yu)求(qiu),意味著(zhu)惡性競爭;而(er)設備(bei)(bei)過(guo)剩又反映出開(kai)工率(lv)不(bu)足(zu)。事(shi)實上(shang)(shang),僅次于(yu)汽車制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)第(di)二(er)大產業(ye)(ye)(ye)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)在贏得“全球第(di)一(yi)”之(zhi)后(hou),卻因蜂擁而(er)上(shang)(shang)深陷“紅海”的(de)產能嚴(yan)重過(guo)剩之(zhi)中。不(bu)足(zu)四成(cheng)的(de)產能開(kai)工率(lv)還不(bu)到歐美同期(qi)一(yi)半,連(lian)續(xu)萎靡的(de)虧損包袱成(cheng)為(wei)不(bu)少上(shang)(shang)市公(gong)司不(bu)能承受之(zhi)重,欲剝離(li)減負。
近(jin)來研發成功(gong)的(de)碳(tan)纖維加熱(re)(re)電(dian)纜,將加熱(re)(re)電(dian)纜系統的(de)應用推向(xiang)了(le)技(ji)術創新階(jie)段(duan)。推行(xing)“以電(dian)供熱(re)(re)”的(de)應用,廣泛(fan)涉及千家萬(wan)戶。例如在住(zhu)宅內部,可實現墻(qiang)壁、地(di)(di)板、空間(jian)加熱(re)(re)。其中(zhong),僅墻(qiang)壁和地(di)(di)板加熱(re)(re)系統,就需要大量加熱(re)(re)電(dian)纜。此外(wai),根(gen)據外(wai)國(guo)經(jing)驗,道(dao)路和機(ji)場融雪加熱(re)(re),也普(pu)遍首選加熱(re)(re)電(dian)纜系統。
電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖相比(bi)燃煤采(cai)暖優勢比(bi)較明顯。當(dang)前,國內電(dian)(dian)力(li)供需矛盾(dun)將(jiang)日趨緩和(he),2006年中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)力(li)供需基本(ben)平(ping)衡。從2007年開始,一部分煤炭(tan)(tan)產地(di)為降低煤炭(tan)(tan)運輸成本(ben),大力(li)發(fa)(fa)展火力(li)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian),變(bian)煤炭(tan)(tan)運輸為電(dian)(dian)力(li)輸送,并且國家正在大力(li)發(fa)(fa)展風力(li)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)、水力(li)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)等,電(dian)(dian)力(li)已出現(xian)冬季(ji)過剩現(xian)象,這就為電(dian)(dian)采(cai)暖提供了足夠空間。
據(ju)(ju)相關統計數字表(biao)明,我國地面輻射(she)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場在2010年底已(yi)達千(qian)億元(yuan),其中技術(shu)成熟的低溫(wen)熱水輻射(she)采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)和(he)散熱片采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)占(zhan)據(ju)(ju)70%以上(shang)的市(shi)(shi)(shi)場份(fen)額。電采(cai)暖(nuan)(nuan)雖處于起步(bu)階(jie)段,但(dan)也占(zhan)據(ju)(ju)了25%左右的市(shi)(shi)(shi)場份(fen)額,并且保持持續(xu)上(shang)升的趨勢。
如今(jin),全國各(ge)地針對電(dian)采(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)紛紛出臺優(you)惠政策,這(zhe)從側面展現出了(le)電(dian)采(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)的(de)巨大潛力(li),也為碳纖維發熱(re)電(dian)纜的(de)發展提供了(le)無限的(de)可能性。就目前各(ge)個(ge)集中(zhong)(zhong)供暖(nuan)區域推(tui)出的(de)供暖(nuan)政策來看,煤(mei)炭供熱(re)的(de)時(shi)代正(zheng)在(zai)成為歷史。而新(xin)型的(de)環保節能的(de)采(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)方式正(zheng)在(zai)占領市場(chang)(chang),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)采(cai)(cai)暖(nuan)以其(qi)成熟的(de)行業(ye)體系(xi)和卓越的(de)供暖(nuan)效果正(zheng)在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)受到重視。這(zhe)為正(zheng)處于產能過剩的(de)電(dian)纜產業(ye)開辟了(le)一個(ge)新(xin)的(de)市場(chang)(chang)。