擴(kuo)徑導線就是把(ba)普通(tong)(tong)的導線做成中空(kong)(里面(mian)用(yong)多股鋼芯(xin)線和支撐層(ceng)(ceng)做成)或者減(jian)少其中部分層(ceng)(ceng)單線數(shu)量(使該層(ceng)(ceng)單線間存在一定數(shu)量空(kong)隙),最終達到增加導線的等效(xiao)半(ban)徑的目(mu)的。當線路的電壓(ya)超過220KV時,為了(le)降低線路電抗(kang)和電暈(yun)損耗,通(tong)(tong)常采用(yong)擴(kuo)徑導線。
擴徑導(dao)線具有以(yi)下特點(dian):
1.擴徑導(dao)線(xian)與相(xiang)同截面的常規導(dao)線(xian)相(xiang)比,外徑增大,電暈(yun)損(sun)耗(hao)減小(xiao),電暈(yun)所(suo)派生的無(wu)線(xian)電干擾和(he)可聽噪聲也減小(xiao),有效地改善了電磁環境,有利于環境保護。
2.擴(kuo)徑導(dao)線(xian)與(yu)相同外徑的常規(gui)導(dao)線(xian)相比,鋁(lv)截面減(jian)小(xiao),節省了鋁(lv)材(cai),導(dao)線(xian)重量(liang)減(jian)輕,不但減(jian)少了線(xian)材(cai)的使用量(liang),而(er)且由于(yu)鐵塔(ta)荷載(zai)的減(jian)小(xiao),從(cong)而(er)減(jian)小(xiao)鐵塔(ta)的耗鋼量(liang),降低輸電線(xian)路工(gong)程投資。
3.擴徑導(dao)線(xian)(xian)與(yu)相(xiang)同(tong)外徑的常(chang)規(gui)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)相(xiang)比(bi),由于(yu)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)外徑相(xiang)同(tong),因此(ci)電暈特(te)性相(xiang)同(tong)。
擴徑導線在交流輸電(dian)線路(lu)中的應用:
交流輸電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)的電(dian)暈(yun)損失主要(yao)與導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)表面(mian)場 強(qiang)和天氣有(you)關,根據絕緣水(shui)平要(yao)求確(que)定了(le)相間(jian)(jian)距(ju)(ju)離后,導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)表面(mian)場強(qiang)主要(yao)與導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)分(fen)裂(lie)數、分(fen)裂(lie)間(jian)(jian)距(ju)(ju)和子導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)直徑(jing)(jing)有(you)關,分(fen)裂(lie)數越(yue)多,子導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)直徑(jing)(jing)越(yue)大, 表面(mian)場強(qiang)越(yue)小(xiao)(xiao)。擴(kuo)徑(jing)(jing)導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)通(tong)過(guo)支(zhi)撐鋁線(xian)(xian)(xian)疏繞的方式 擴(kuo)大了(le)導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing),這樣可(ke)減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)表面(mian)的電(dian)場強(qiang)度(du)和電(dian)暈(yun)放電(dian),降低噪聲,減(jian)少(shao)對無線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)的干擾。相對于常規導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian),擴(kuo)徑(jing)(jing)導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)重量(liang)(liang)較輕(qing),安裝敷設后的 塑蠕(ru)伸長減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao),導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)永(yong)久變形減(jian)少(shao),在滿足輸送(song)容量(liang)(liang)要(yao)求和環境保護指(zhi)標的前提下,可(ke)大幅(fu)降低線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)整體(ti)造(zao)價(jia)。