擴徑(jing)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)就是(shi)把普通(tong)(tong)的(de)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)做(zuo)成(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(里面用(yong)多股鋼(gang)芯線(xian)(xian)(xian)和支撐層做(zuo)成(cheng))或者減(jian)少其中(zhong)(zhong)部分(fen)層單線(xian)(xian)(xian)數(shu)量(使該層單線(xian)(xian)(xian)間存在一定數(shu)量空(kong)隙),最終達到(dao)增加(jia)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)等效(xiao)半徑(jing)的(de)目的(de)。當線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)電壓超(chao)過220KV時,為了降(jiang)低線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)電抗(kang)和電暈(yun)損(sun)耗,通(tong)(tong)常采(cai)用(yong)擴徑(jing)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。
擴徑(jing)導線具有以下特點:
1.擴徑導線(xian)(xian)與(yu)相同截面的常規導線(xian)(xian)相比,外(wai)徑增大,電暈損耗減小,電暈所派生的無線(xian)(xian)電干(gan)擾和可聽噪(zao)聲也減小,有效地改善了電磁環境(jing),有利(li)于環境(jing)保(bao)護。
2.擴徑導線與相同外徑的(de)(de)常(chang)規導線相比,鋁截面(mian)減小(xiao),節省了鋁材,導線重量(liang)減輕,不但減少了線材的(de)(de)使用(yong)量(liang),而(er)且由于鐵塔荷載的(de)(de)減小(xiao),從(cong)而(er)減小(xiao)鐵塔的(de)(de)耗鋼量(liang),降低輸(shu)電線路工程投(tou)資。
3.擴徑導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)與相(xiang)同(tong)外徑的常規導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)比,由(you)于導(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)外徑相(xiang)同(tong),因(yin)此(ci)電暈特性相(xiang)同(tong)。
擴徑(jing)導線(xian)(xian)在交(jiao)流輸電(dian)線(xian)(xian)路中的應用:
交流輸電(dian)線(xian)路的電(dian)暈(yun)損失(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)與(yu)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)表(biao)面(mian)場(chang) 強(qiang)和(he)(he)天氣有關(guan),根據絕(jue)緣水平要(yao)求確定了相(xiang)間距離后,導(dao)(dao)線(xian)表(biao)面(mian)場(chang)強(qiang)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)與(yu)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)分(fen)(fen)裂(lie)數(shu)、分(fen)(fen)裂(lie)間距和(he)(he)子導(dao)(dao)線(xian)直徑(jing)(jing)有關(guan),分(fen)(fen)裂(lie)數(shu)越(yue)多,子導(dao)(dao)線(xian)直徑(jing)(jing)越(yue)大, 表(biao)面(mian)場(chang)強(qiang)越(yue)小(xiao)(xiao)。擴(kuo)徑(jing)(jing)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)通過支撐鋁線(xian)疏繞的方(fang)式(shi) 擴(kuo)大了導(dao)(dao)線(xian)外徑(jing)(jing),這樣可(ke)減小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)表(biao)面(mian)的電(dian)場(chang)強(qiang)度和(he)(he)電(dian)暈(yun)放電(dian),降低噪聲,減少(shao)對無線(xian)電(dian)的干擾。相(xiang)對于常(chang)規導(dao)(dao)線(xian),擴(kuo)徑(jing)(jing)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)重量較輕(qing),安裝(zhuang)敷設后的 塑蠕(ru)伸長減小(xiao)(xiao),導(dao)(dao)線(xian)永久變(bian)形減少(shao),在滿足輸送(song)容(rong)量要(yao)求和(he)(he)環境保護指標的前提下,可(ke)大幅降低線(xian)路整體(ti)造價。